Confirm swallow safety and efficiency (open heart surgery pt) Past history of nutritional or pulmonary complications that result from dysphasia (recurrent pneumonia) Confirm diagnosis or cause of dysphasia Inconsistent findings from CSE (clinical swallow evaluation) e.g.
variant (e.g.TERMS IN THIS SET (40) Identify indications and contraindications for instrumental assessment Indicated:. global cortical atrophy scale (GCA scale). medial temporal lobe atrophy score (MTA score). posterior atrophy score of parietal atrophy (PA/PCA) (Koedam score). pulvinar sign (of Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease). hockey stick sign (of Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease). intercaudate distance to inner table width ratio (CC/IT) (for Huntington disease). frontal horn width to intercaudate distance ratio (FH/CC) (for Huntington disease). Magnetic Resonance Parkinsonism Index (MRPI) (for PSP). neurodegenerative MRI brain (an approach). A useful approach is to divide them according to underlying pathological process, although even using this schema, there is much overlap and thus resulting confusion. Neurodegenerative diseases are legion and their classification just as protean. (2019) American Journal of Neuroradiology. Regional Cerebral Blood Flow in the Posterior Cingulate and Precuneus and the Entorhinal Cortical Atrophy Score Differentiate Mild Cognitive Impairment and Dementia Due to Alzheimer Disease. The ERICA Score: An MR Imaging–based Visual Scoring System for the Assessment of Entorhinal Cortex Atrophy in Alzheimer Disease. Simon Jonas Enkirch, Andreas Traschütz, Andreas Müller, Catherine N. Practical use of visual medial temporal lobe atrophy cut-off scores in Alzheimer’s disease: Validation in a large memory clinic population. Roorda, Jacqueline Schuur, Pieter Koster, Caroline E. (1992) Journal of neurology, neurosurgery, and psychiatry. Atrophy of medial temporal lobes on MRI in "probable" Alzheimer's disease and normal ageing: diagnostic value and neuropsychological correlates. Scheltens P, Leys D, Barkhof F, Huglo D, Weinstein HC, Vermersch P, Kuiper M, Steinling M, Wolters EC, Valk J. Clinical and research diagnostic criteria for Alzheimer's disease. Sarazin M, de Souza LC, Lehéricy S et-al. Visual assessment of medial temporal lobe atrophy on magnetic resonance imaging: Interobserver reliability. Medial temporal lobe atrophy on MRI scans and the diagnosis of Alzheimer disease. Visual rating and volumetry of the medial temporal lobe on magnetic resonance imaging in dementia: a comparative study. The score is interpreted in relation to age:Ītrophy has been shown to correlate with likelihood of progression from mild cognitive impairment (MCI) to dementia 4. 4: marked widening of the choroid fissure, marked enlargement of the temporal horn, and the hippocampus is markedly atrophied and internal structure is lost. 3: marked widening of the choroid fissure, moderate enlargement of the temporal horn, and moderate loss of hippocampal height. 2: moderate widening of the choroid fissure, mild enlargement of the temporal horn and mild loss of hippocampal height. 0: no CSF is visible around the hippocampus. width of the temporal horn of the lateral ventricle. The score is also validated for assessment on CT brain 6. It is a visual score performed on MRI of the brain using coronal T1 weighted images in a plane parallel to the brainstem axis and through the hippocampus at the level of the anterior pons 5. An additional scoring system entorhinal cortical atrophy (ERICA) has been developed which is reported as having better diagnostic accuracy in distinguishing healthy controls from those with Alzheimer disease 7. UsageĪlthough the MTA score has been widely used, it does not capture entorhinal cortex atrophy, which has been shown to occur early in the development of Alzheimer disease. The medial temporal lobe atrophy (MTA) score, also known as Scheltens' scale, is useful in distinguishing patients with mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer disease from those without impairment 2 is helpful in the assessment of patients with possible dementia (see neurodegenerative MRI brain - an approach).
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